Order: Lichinales       Family: Lichinaceae Species: Lichina confinis Growth type fruticose. Photos: On coastal rock above HWM. Dunmanus Bay, Cork, Ireland. Identification confirmed by Mike Simms The very small, bushy, blackish thallus is less than 5mm high and comprised of many rounded branches with spherical apothecia on their tips. Forms dense mats. Found on well-lit sheltered coastal rocks above the high water mark. Chemical reations negative. Similar: Lichina pygmaea. Larger, occurs below HWM

Lichina confinis. Dunmanus Bay, Co.Cork. March 2009